MONGOLIAN MILITARY TERMINOLOGY IN ARABIC LETTER MULTILINGUAL DICTIONARIES

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Abstract

As a result of the Mongol conquest movement that began in the 13th century, Mongolian was considered to be one of the “must-learn” languages of the time. As a result, Mongolian appeared in dictionaries from the period such as Mukaddimetü’l-Edeb, Kitâb Hilyetü’l-insân ve Helbetü’l-lisân (İbni Mühennâ ügati), Rasulid Hexaglot, Şâmilü’l-Luga ve Kitâb-ı Mecmû-ı Tercümân-ı Türkî ve Acemî ve Mugalî. This article identifies the military terminology included in the dictionaries in question’s Mongolian vocabulary and compares it to its Turkish equivalents to highlight similarities and contrasts between Western Central Mongolian and Turkish military terminology. In Mongolian dictionaries with Arabic letters, Mongolian war equipment names are mentioned as follows: bulau “mace, flail”, dūlγan “helmet”, hesi “sword pommel”, ildü “sword”, jida “bayonet”, kituγa “knife”, kögürge “drum”, moγodaq “blind sword; blind knife”, qalqan “shield”, qudqa “knife”, qui “scabbard”, ququ “knife”, quyaq “armor”, tuγ “tug, banner”. The words related to bows and archery, which are among the most significant war tools and equipment of the steppe peoples, are given in great detail in Mongolian dictionaries with Arabic letters. The words related to bows and archery, which are among the most significant war tools and equipment of the steppe peoples, are given in great detail in Mongolian dictionaries with Arabic letters. These words include: aqsau qurman “quiver belt”, bariūl “bow cover”, demiren “arrowhead”, erekebči “thumb ring”, kerčėsün “groove, notch”, kiriš “bowstring”, köbči “bowstring”, numun “bow”, ödün “empennage”, qodali “bone-tipped arrow”, qor “quiver”, qorumsaqa “quiver”, quldasun “bow dust”, sumun “arrow”. Among the words related to bow and archery, the words demiren “arrowhead” and kiriš “bowstring” are noteworthy in Turkish. Of these words, kiriš “bowsrting” is given together with the Mongolian synonym köbči “bowstring”. As a result, it is possible to say that Mongolian, which was particularly influential in the Mamluk-Ilkhanid areas, both affectedTurkish and was influenced by Turkish in the 13th-14th centuries, particularly in terms of military terminology.